Abstraction is a concept in object-oriented programming (OOPS) that focuses on hiding implementation details and only exposing necessary information to the user. Abstraction allows developers to create complex systems by breaking them down into smaller, more manageable parts. C# provides various constructs to implement abstraction, such as interfaces, abstract classes, and access modifiers.
Here's an example of abstraction in C# using an abstract class:
In this example, the Shape class is an abstract class that defines an abstract method called Area(). The Circle class is a derived class that inherits from Shape and implements the Area() method to calculate the area of a circle.
When an instance of the Circle class is created and stored in a Shape variable, only the Area() method can be called on it. The implementation details of the Circle class are hidden from the user, and they only need to know how to use the Area() method.
This example demonstrates how abstraction can be used to create a more maintainable and scalable system by separating concerns and hiding implementation details.