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What is a Trigger and type of trigger in SQL server?
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It is a precompiled set of TSQL statements that are automatically executed on a particular DDL, DML or log-on event.
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Triggers do not have any parameters or return statement.
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Triggers are the only way to access to the INSERTED and DELETED tables (aka. Magic Tables). ? You can DISABLE/ENABLE
Triggers instead of DROPPING them:
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DISABLE TRIGGER <name> ON <table/view name>/DATABASE/ALL SERVER
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ENABLE TRIGGER <name> ON <table/view name>/DATABASE/ALL SERVER
Types of Triggers:
1. DML Trigger
DML Triggers are invoked when a DML statement such as INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE occur which modify data in a specified TABLE or VIEW.
A DML trigger can query other tables and can include complex TSQL statements. They can cascade changes through related tables in the database.
They provide security against malicious or incorrect DML operations and enforce restrictions that are more complex than those defined with constraints.
2. DDL Trigger
Pretty much the same as DML Triggers but DDL Triggers are for DDL operations. DDL Triggers are at the database or server level (or scope).
DDL Trigger only has AFTER. It does not have INSTEAD OF.
3. Logon Trigger
Logon triggers fire in response to a logon event.
This event is raised when a user session is established with an instance of SQL server. Logon TRIGGER has server scope.
inserted and deleted tables (aka. magic tables):
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They are tables that you can communicate with between the external code and trigger body.
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The structure of inserted and deleted magic tables depends upon the structure of the table in a DML statement.
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UPDATE is a combination of INSERT and DELETE, so its old record will be in the deleted table and its new record will be stored in the inserted table.
Thank You
About Author
Brijesh Kumar
Database Developer
I have more then 6 years Experience in Microsoft Technologies - SQL Server Database, ETL
Azure Cloud - Azure SQL Database, CosmosDB, Azure Data Factory, PowerBI, Web Job, Azure Function, Azure Storage, Web Apps, Powershall
and Database Migration On-Premise to Azure Cloud.
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